Research Progress on Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparations in Respiratory Inflammatory Diseases

The global burden of respiratory inflammatory diseases, such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), continues to rise, highlighting the urgent need for safer and more effective therapeutic strategies. Conventional treatments provide symptomatic relief but remain limited by adverse effects, tolerance, and incomplete resolution of inflammation. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulations have gained growing attention as promising complementary or alternative approaches due to their holistic and multi-targeted pharmacological actions. This review summarizes current preclinical and clinical evidence on the application of classical TCM preparations-including Xuebijing, Qingkailing, Xiyanping, Tanreqing, Chuankezhi, Shuanghuanglian, and Yejuhua injections-in the management of respiratory inflammatory diseases. These herbal treatments exhibit significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and immunomodulatory effects through modulation of key signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, and TLRs. Importantly, clinical studies suggest that these TCM preparations can alleviate respiratory symptoms, reduce disease exacerbations, and enhance patient quality of life, highlighting their potential clinical significance and translational value in managing respiratory inflammatory diseases.