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Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
Published on: January 29, 2018
Bone mineral density assessment by DXA in disease-associated osteoporosis: the limitations
Kamyar Asadipooya1, Loren Wissner Greene2
1Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
Abstract:
Measuring bone density by DXA is a routine means of predicting fracture risk. These 2-dimensional images have limitations and may underestimate the risk of fracture due to inadequate evaluation of bone strength. The inclusion of clinical risk factors, calculating FRAX and adding TBS values all improve our ability in bone screening by DXA. However, secondary osteoporosis is not always associated with classical risk factors for bone loss. In addition, unrecognized underlying conditions may contribute to further bone loss and increased risk of low trauma fracture. Therefore, new technologies that assess bone microarchitecture, such as HR-pQCT, can improve our risk assessment for fragility fracture.
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