Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage
10:36

Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage

Published on: January 27, 2019

21.2K

Probiotic improves respiratory and gastrointestinal health, immune homeostasis, and gut microbiota composition in

Mageswaran Uma Mageswary1, Lan Hanglian2, Pin Li3

  • 1School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.

Frontiers in Nutrition
|March 25, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Supplementation with Bifidobacterium infantis YLGB-1496 improved infant gastrointestinal health and modulated gut microbiota. This probiotic intervention enhanced immune markers and reduced pathobionts, supporting gut barrier function and immune development in infants.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • The early infant gut microbiota is crucial for immune development and metabolic programming.
  • Disruptions in infant gut microbiota are linked to infections and metabolic disorders.
  • Limited strain-specific data exists for probiotics like Bifidobacterium infantis in infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of Bifidobacterium infantis YLGB-1496 on infant clinical outcomes.
  • To evaluate immune markers and gut microbiota composition following probiotic supplementation.
  • To investigate the safety and efficacy of B. infantis YLGB-1496 in infants under one year.

Main Methods:

  • A 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 119 healthy infants.
  • Daily administration of Bifidobacterium infantis YLGB-1496 (1 × 10¹⁰ CFU) or placebo.
  • Assessment of clinical outcomes, immune markers (sIgA, cytokines, cortisol), and gut microbiota via 16S rRNA sequencing.

Main Results:

  • B. infantis YLGB-1496 significantly improved gastrointestinal outcomes, reducing stomach ache and diarrhea incidence.
  • Supplementation increased fecal and oral sIgA, IL-10, and decreased IL-1β, indicating immune modulation.
  • Microbiota analysis showed enrichment of beneficial bacteria and reduction of pathobionts, suggesting improved gut barrier function.

Conclusions:

  • Bifidobacterium infantis YLGB-1496 demonstrates significant benefits for infant gastrointestinal health and immune development.
  • The probiotic effectively modulated the gut microbiota, promoting a healthier microbial profile.
  • These findings support the use of B. infantis YLGB-1496 for supporting infant gut health and immunity.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bifidobacterium infantisimmune homeostasisinfant gut microbiotamucosal immunityprobioticrespiratory tract infections

More Related Videos

Investigating the Effects of Probiotics on Pneumococcal Colonization Using an In Vitro Adherence Assay09:20

Investigating the Effects of Probiotics on Pneumococcal Colonization Using an In Vitro Adherence Assay

Published on: April 28, 2014

13.2K
Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels05:31

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Published on: August 7, 2017

11.1K

Related Concept Videos

Probiotics01:22

Probiotics

Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the balance of this microbiota is crucial for digestive and systemic health. Among the most extensively studied and utilized probiotics are species formerly classified within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These organisms not only naturally colonize the human gut but are also consumed through...
68
Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
17
Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract01:29

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract

The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more...
16
Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
91.2K
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
19
Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
44