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Association and Predictive Value of C-Reactive Protein-Lymphocyte-Albumin (CALLY) Index with Cardiovascular Disease
Mei Yuan1, Luohua Li2, Yueyuan Hou1
1Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650101, People's Republic of China.
Insights
A lower CALLY index indicates a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome stage 3. This readily available biomarker aids in CVD risk stratification for this high-risk population.
Area of Science:
- Biomarkers and diagnostics
- Cardiovascular medicine
- Metabolic and kidney diseases
Background:
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome stage 3 is a high-risk condition for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- CKM syndrome involves metabolic dysregulation, chronic inflammation, and immune dysfunction.
- Effective risk stratification for CVD in this population is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the association between the C-reactive protein-lymphocyte-albumin (CALLY) index and incident CVD in patients with CKM stage 3.
- To assess the predictive value of the CALLY index for CVD in this high-risk cohort.
- To determine if the CALLY index offers incremental predictive value over its individual components.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 826 patients with CKM stage 3.
- Calculation of the CALLY index from baseline laboratory data.
- Assessment of CVD association using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models and ROC analysis.
Main Results:
- A higher CALLY index was independently associated with a lower risk of CVD (aHR 0.37).
- The CALLY index demonstrated strong predictive performance for CVD (AUC 0.806).
- The index provided significant incremental predictive value compared to CRP, albumin, or lymphocyte count alone.
Conclusions:
- A lower CALLY index is linked to increased CVD risk in CKM stage 3 patients.
- The CALLY index is a robust and valuable tool for cardiovascular risk stratification.
- This composite biomarker can improve patient management in high-risk groups.
Background:
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome stage 3 is a high-risk condition for cardiovascular disease (CVD), characterized by intertwined metabolic dysregulation, chronic inflammation, and immune dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate the association and predictive value of the C-reactive protein-lymphocyte-albumin (CALLY) index for CVD in this population.
Methods:
In a retrospective cohort of patients with CKM stage 3, the CALLY index was calculated from baseline laboratory data. Its association with incident CVD was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. To test robustness, sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed. Predictive performance was evaluated by time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI).
Results:
Among 826 patients followed for a median of 51 months, a higher CALLY index was independently associated with a lower risk of CVD (adjusted hazard ratio 0.37, 95% CI: 0.25-0.55). The association remained robust in sensitivity and subgroup analyses. The index demonstrated superior discrimination for CVD (area under the curve 0.806, 95% CI: 0.774-0.838). The CALLY index provided significant incremental predictive value compared to using its individual components (CRP, albumin, or lymphocyte count alone).
Conclusion:
A lower CALLY index is independently associated with an increased risk of CVD in patients with CKM stage 3 and exhibits robust predictive performance. This readily available composite biomarker may aid in cardiovascular risk stratification for this high-risk group.
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