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Surface anchoring on colloids controls their movement in active nematic fluids, enabling directed migration or topological trapping. This research offers insights for designing microfluidic systems and soft matter materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Active Matter Systems
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Active nematic fluids offer a unique non-equilibrium environment for microscopic transport.
  • Controlling colloidal transport within disordered turbulence in these fluids is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate colloidal transport controlled by surface anchoring in an active nematic fluid.
  • To reveal the control mechanism of surface anchoring angles and active characteristic length on colloidal transport.

Main Methods:

  • Direct-forcing fictitious domain method was employed for the investigation.
  • Analysis focused on the influence of surface anchoring angles (0°-90°) and active characteristic length (Lc).

Main Results:

  • Surface anchoring breaks local rotational symmetry, regulating topological defects and influencing colloidal motion.
  • Planar anchoring (90°) provides robust co-directional driving against turbulent disturbances.
  • Homeotropic anchoring (0°) facilitates efficient long-range oriented migration, while tilted anchoring induces self-rotation and vortex capture.
  • Unanchored colloids follow classical diffusion scaling, whereas 90° anchoring leads to localized oscillations due to defect pinning.

Conclusions:

  • Surface anchoring designs enable precise control over colloidal movement, transitioning between directed migration and topological trapping.
  • Findings provide theoretical foundations for designing novel microfluidic systems and programmable soft matter materials.