Inherently Conducting Polymeric Materials from Conjugated Polyisoprene-Based Rubbers

Conjugated polyisoprene (CPI)-based materials are a developing class of inherently stretchable conductors. They combine the high elasticity and processability of polyisoprene, an important component of rubber, with the valuable electronic properties of π-conjugated systems. This review begins by outlining the chemical structures of CPI and the main strategies for making it, including catalytic isomerization, oxidative dehydrogenation, and halogen-doping induced conjugation. We then systematically discuss the fundamental properties of these materials, including their electrical conductivity, mechanical elasticity, thermal stability, and the ability to adjust their chemistry. The review proceeds to describe the wide range of applications for CPI-based materials, including stretchable conductors, strain sensors, flexible devices for energy storage, and electrocatalysts. Finally, we consider the distinct advantages of CPI, such as its mechanical softness, adjustable electronic properties, and sustainability, while also addressing persistent challenges such as limited charge mobility, dopant instability, and scalability. The review concludes by proposing future research directions, focusing on advanced molecular design, methods for large-area processing, and the integration of these materials into multifunctional devices.