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Microstructure-Resolved Modeling to Predicting and Regulating Lithium Plating-Stripping Dynamics on Graphite

Heng Huang1, Yang Li1, Xinyu Liu1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|March 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lithium plating in batteries causes degradation. A new model links electrode structure to lithium plating, improving battery safety and performance monitoring.

Keywords:
graphite electrodeslithium plating‐stripping reactionmicrostructure‐resolved electrochemical modelstructural regulation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • Lithium plating in graphite electrodes accelerates lithium-ion battery degradation and causes internal short circuits.
  • Current monitoring techniques struggle to accurately define safe operating limits due to ambiguous signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an electrochemical model integrating multi-scale microstructural images to understand lithium plating and stripping.
  • To correlate electrode microstructure with lithium plating-stripping reactions for improved battery design and monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Established an electrochemical model using multi-scale microstructural images.
  • Utilized experimental data, including open-circuit voltage differential curves (dOCV/dt).
  • Employed ex situ X-ray computed tomography (XCT) for micrometer-resolution microstructural analysis.

Main Results:

  • The model accurately predicted lithium plating-stripping processes and quantified impacts on electrode performance.
  • Identified electrode microstructure as a key factor influencing lithium plating sensitivity.
  • Demonstrated that strategic particle positioning mitigates polarization and confines side reactions.

Conclusions:

  • The integrated multiscale modeling and experimental approach elucidates the relationship between lithium plating and electrode structure.
  • Provides mechanistic insights for optimizing electrode structures to enhance battery safety and longevity.
  • Supports the development of advanced predictive electrochemical monitoring techniques.