Diabetes-Related Foot Ulcers: The Role of Informal Caregivers' Experiences and Needs Regarding Involvement in...

This study aimed to explore informal caregivers' (family members of patients) perspectives on their involvement in ongoing multidisciplinary treatment of diabetes-related foot ulcers in a highly specialised outpatient service with a multidisciplinary team structure that was still evolving. Using focus group interviews and template analysis, we identified patterns in caregivers' experiences, needs, and preferences. The findings suggest considerable potential to improve patient care through earlier caregiver involvement. While some caregivers reported positive experiences, many rarely or never attended consultations and struggled to define involvement in practical terms. However, caregivers consistently expressed a strong wish for earlier involvement-ideally at the time of diabetes diagnosis-to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to support patients between clinical visits. Caregivers play an important role in foot ulcer management, as complex regimens such as wound care, offloading, and lifestyle adjustments require ongoing support outside clinical settings. However, involvement may also create strain. Participants described emotional and practical burden, feelings of guilt, and uncertainty about their roles. The study highlights the need for structured caregiver education, clear communication, and systemic support to balance the benefits of caregiver involvement with the risk of caregiver burden.