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Related Concept Videos

Liver Histology01:27

Liver Histology

The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
Hepatocytes perform a variety of essential functions. They secrete...

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[Hepatoblastoma for pathologists in 2025].

William Pouillot1, Théo Z Hirsch2, Katia Posseme3

  • 1Service d'anatomie pathologique, hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, GHU Paris Saclay, 78, rue du Général-Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Faculté de médecine, université Paris Saclay, 63, rue Gabriel-Péri, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

Annales De Pathologie
|March 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Hepatoblastoma, a rare childhood cancer, shows increasing incidence and diverse morphology. Precise pathological characterization is vital for understanding tumorigenesis and improving outcomes for this pediatric tumor.

Keywords:
Anatomie pathologiqueFoieHepatoblastomaHépatoblastomeLiverPathologyPediatricPédiatriqueTumeurTumor

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Tumor Pathology
  • Cancer Genomics

Background:

  • Hepatoblastoma is a rare pediatric malignancy, comprising less than 1% of childhood cancers, with an increasing incidence.
  • It predominantly affects children aged 6 months to 5 years, with survival rates varying by risk group (90% standard, 65% high).
  • Tumor heterogeneity, combining epithelial, mesenchymal, and teratoid features, presents diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical role of pathologists in diagnosing hepatoblastoma.
  • To emphasize the need for precise morphologic and molecular characterization of hepatoblastoma subtypes.
  • To underscore the importance of identifying new biomarkers for improved understanding and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of morphologic and molecular characteristics of hepatoblastoma.
  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges, including hepatocellular neoplasms not otherwise specified (HCN-NOS) and undifferentiated small cell components.
  • International collaboration for tumor characterization.

Main Results:

  • Hepatoblastomas exhibit significant morphologic heterogeneity.
  • Well-defined subtypes exist, but challenges remain in classifying specific neoplasms.
  • Advanced characterization aids in understanding tumorigenesis and identifying biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate pathological diagnosis is essential for effective clinical management of hepatoblastoma.
  • Continued research into morphologic and molecular features is crucial for advancing the field.
  • International collaboration enhances the understanding and characterization of this rare pediatric tumor.