Roles of the RNA-binding protein SRSF3 in development and cellular differentiation

RNA-binding proteins have been established as essential regulators of embryonic development, cellular differentiation and tissue homeostasis. In this review, we highlight the roles of the highly conserved serine/arginine-rich (SR) family member SRSF3 during these processes across a range of organisms. We summarize information regarding the structure and post-translational regulation of SRSF3. Next, we provide an overview of demonstrated roles of SRSF3 in multiple steps of RNA metabolism, including alternative RNA splicing, transcription termination, polyadenylation, stability, transcript nuclear export and miRNA biogenesis. We then discuss the involvement of SRSF3 in various intracellular signaling cascades, including those of the PDGF, EGF, insulin, JAK/STAT, mTOR, retinoic acid, TGF-β and canonical Wnt signaling pathways. Finally, we highlight expression patterns of SRSF3 during embryogenesis and the functions of SRSF3 in the context of mouse germ cell, early embryo, craniofacial, heart and B cell development, as well as in hepatocyte, megakaryocyte and macrophage maturation. We conclude with critical unanswered questions and future directions that should provide significant insight into the roles of SRSF3 in gene expression regulation during development.