Personalizing anesthetic management in trauma patients using machine learning

Artificial intelligence in health is evolving rapidly, and there is a lot of hope that it may improve patient outcomes. The perioperative management of patients with major trauma is a challenge, as it requires rapid decision-making in complex and evolving clinical situations. Anesthesiologists are central to the early resuscitation, operative management, and postoperative supervision of these patients.

Advances in artificial intelligence, together with the increasing availability of large trauma databases and real-time monitoring systems, have highlighted the potential role of artificial intelligence in trauma anesthesia. Artificial intelligence models may improve triage accuracy or assist clinicians in anticipating complications such as hemorrhagic shock, secondary brain injury, or prolonged stay in the hospital. Moreover, artificial intelligence-driven tools offer opportunities to individualize anesthetic and postoperative strategies by integrating patient characteristics, injury severity, or physiological responses. Yet, implementing these tools still faces important limitations, while it will require the training and their cultural adoption by a generation of physicians.

This review aimed to report the current applications and future perspectives of artificial intelligence in the anesthetic management of severely injured patients. It also emphasizes its potential to enhance decision-making, personalize care, and ultimately improve patients' outcomes in trauma anesthesia.