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FPGA-based dual-channel readout and centroid algorithm for cross-strip anode photon detectors.

Cong Qiao1, Wen-Wen Zhang1, Jin-Kun Zheng2

  • 1Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China.

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This study introduces a new FPGA-based system for faster centroid calculation in single-photon detectors. The advanced architecture significantly improves processing speed and spatial resolution for high-resolution imaging.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Detector Technology
  • Digital Signal Processing
  • High-Resolution Imaging Systems

Background:

  • Crossed-strip anode single-photon detectors are vital for 2D localization in optical imaging.
  • Conventional readout architectures face bandwidth and latency limitations at high count rates, hindering real-time analysis.
  • Efficient centroid computation is crucial for accurate spatial reconstruction in photon imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an FPGA-based dual-channel signal processing architecture for high-speed centroid extraction.
  • To overcome bandwidth and latency limitations in conventional readout schemes.
  • To enhance real-time processing capabilities for crossed-strip anode detectors.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of an application-specific integrated circuit charge-sensitive preamplifier and a 14-bit ADC for signal digitization.
  • Implementation of parallel fast and slow signal processing channels for triggering, pileup rejection, and peak extraction.
  • Utilization of a sliding-window approach and a symmetric weighted centroid algorithm for spatial coordinate reconstruction.

Main Results:

  • The proposed architecture achieves a stable event rate exceeding 15 MHz.
  • Demonstrated spatial resolution of 20.16 line pairs per millimeter (lp/mm).
  • Improved centroid accuracy and processing throughput compared to conventional methods.

Conclusions:

  • The FPGA-based dual-channel architecture effectively addresses limitations in high count-rate photon imaging.
  • The system enables real-time, high-resolution photon imaging applications.
  • Validated feasibility for advanced optical imaging systems requiring precise event localization.