Real-World Patient Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory...

Teclistamab is an established standard of care for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) based on MajesTEC-1 study results. United States (US)-based real-world studies of teclistamab treatment have had limited follow-up, were conducted in academic settings and/or had small sample sizes. This real-world study was conducted in a primarily US community-based oncology provider network to assess the real-world effectiveness and safety profile of teclistamab.

This retrospective, observational, cohort study used Cardinal Health's Oncology Provider Extended Network. Adult patients with RRMM who received teclistamab on or after 25 October 2022, were identified through medical chart review. Patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and treatment history were described. Clinical outcomes included adverse events, response and survival rates, and duration of response. Data are presented for all patients and US Prescribing Information (USPI)-aligned and unaligned subgroups.

The overall population included 101 patients, of which 30 and 71 were USPI-aligned and USPI-unaligned, respectively. Median age was 65.4 years, 86.1% had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status score of 1 and 37.6% had a high-risk cytogenetic profile. Most patients were triple-class exposed (93.1%) and/or refractory (65.3%). Median follow-up was 13.8 months and overall response rates were 80.2%, 90.0%, and 76.1% in the overall, USPI-aligned, and USPI-unaligned subgroups, respectively. During step-up dosing, 32.7% and 8.9% of all patients had cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, respectively; 26.7% of all patients developed infections while receiving teclistamab.

This real-world study demonstrated numerically higher response rates and broadly similar rates of adverse events in this population compared with the MajesTEC-1 trial, despite many patients having higher disease burden and worse performance status. These findings from primarily community oncology settings suggest that teclistamab is an effective treatment option for patients with RRMM in the real world.