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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Eye-tracking Technology and Data-mining Techniques used for a Behavioral Analysis of Adults engaged in Learning Processes

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Published on: June 10, 2021

Using a Screen-Based Task to Explore Expertise-Based Differences in Green Reading.

Laura Carey¹, Joseph A Stone², Ben W Strafford²

¹School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Lanarkshire, Glasgow, UK.

Perceptual and Motor Skills

|March 26, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Golfers improve predicting putting outcomes with video analysis over static images. Higher skilled golfers gain more from visual aids, enhancing their green reading accuracy.

Keywords:

expertise golf putting perceptual-cognitive performance training

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Area of Science:

Sports Science
Motor Control
Perception

Background:

Green reading is a crucial skill for successful golf putting.
Accurate green reading involves interpreting subtle visual cues to predict ball trajectory.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how golfers of varying skill levels interpret static 2D images and videos for green reading.
To determine the impact of different visual information formats (images vs. videos) on predicting putting outcomes.

Main Methods:

Eighty golfers with diverse skill levels participated in a screen-based assessment.
Participants evaluated putts using static images, multiple viewing positions, and video footage.
Tasks included predicting ball roll from images/videos and judging putt success from video clips.

Main Results:

Video-based green reading led to higher accuracy compared to static 2D images.
Advanced golfers demonstrated greater improvement with additional visual information and video analysis.
Skill level significantly influenced the benefit derived from enhanced visual data.

Conclusions:

Screen-based tools show promise for improving green reading but have limitations.
Video analysis offers a more effective method for green reading practice than static images.
Tailoring visual aids to golfer skill level may optimize training effectiveness.