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Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat
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Transcatheter Aortic Valve Explants: Calcification Patterns and Leaflet Thickening to Inform Repeat Interventions.

David Meier1, Joshua Yoon2, Cole Glenna3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Cardiovascular Translational Lab, Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Heart Valve Innovation and Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Electronic address: http://twitter.com/david_meier_.

The Canadian Journal of Cardiology
|March 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Degeneration of transcatheter aortic valves (TAVs) is common. Explanted TAVs show calcification and thickening, with patterns varying by TAV type, impacting future interventions.

Keywords:
Transcatheter aortic valve replacementcalcificationdegenerationhistopathologyredo transcatheter aortic valve replacement

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Bioprosthetic heart valve degeneration is inevitable.
  • Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) calcification and leaflet thickening affect repeat interventions.
  • Understanding explanted TAV characteristics is crucial for procedural planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency and pattern of leaflet calcification and thickening in explanted transcatheter aortic valves (TAVs).
  • To inform strategies for repeat TAVR procedures and leaflet modification techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 20 explanted TAVs (CoreValve/Evolut, SAPIEN 3, Lotus).
  • Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histology to assess calcium volume, distribution, and leaflet thickness.
  • Correlation of leaflet thickness with implant duration.

Main Results:

  • 55% of explanted TAVs showed leaflet calcification.
  • Calcified TAVs exhibited significantly increased leaflet thickness compared to non-calcified ones.
  • Calcium distribution was heterogeneous within leaflets and varied between TAV models.
  • Leaflet thickness positively correlated with implant duration.

Conclusions:

  • Calcified TAVs are associated with thicker leaflets.
  • Calcium distribution patterns differ among TAV types.
  • Findings have implications for planning redo-TAVR and leaflet modification procedures.