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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood

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Published on: February 11, 2017

Improving Emotion Control in Social Anxiety by Targeting Rhythmic Brain Circuits.

Sjoerd Meijer¹, Bob Bramson^2,3, Ivan Toni²

¹Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging (DCCN), Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen 6525 EN, the Netherlands sjoerd.meijer@donders.ru.nl.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience

|March 26, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study enhanced brain connectivity in socially anxious individuals using non-invasive electrical stimulation. This improved their control over social approach and avoidance behaviors, offering a new therapeutic avenue for anxiety disorders.

Keywords:

approach-avoidance behavior emotion control phase-amplitude coupling social anxiety transcranial electrical brain stimulation

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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation

Published on: August 26, 2011

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Social avoidance is a core symptom of social anxiety disorder, often hindering treatment effectiveness.
Difficulties in controlling social approach and avoidance behaviors maintain social anxiety disorder.
Existing therapies struggle with the core issue of impaired behavioral control in social anxiety.

Purpose of the Study:

To test a non-invasive method for enhancing control over social approach and avoidance behavior in socially anxious individuals.
To investigate the role of prefrontal-sensorimotor theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling in emotional-action control.
To explore the potential of neurophysiological enhancement for treating social anxiety disorder.

Main Methods:

Participants received dual-site phase-coupled electrical stimulation targeting theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling.
Brain activity (fMRI-BOLD) and behavior were measured during a social approach-avoidance task under different stimulation conditions (in-phase, anti-phase, sham).
The study involved participants of both sexes performing automatic and controlled emotional actions.

Main Results:

In-phase stimulation selectively improved control over approach-avoidance actions in socially anxious individuals.
Neural responses in a specific prefrontal cortex region were modulated by in-phase stimulation, correlating with trait anxiety levels.
The findings suggest enhanced endogenous rhythmic coupling supports emotional-action control.

Conclusions:

Non-invasive electrical brain stimulation can enhance neurophysiological connectivity to improve control over social avoidance.
This approach offers a mechanistically grounded intervention for persistent avoidance in anxiety disorders.
The study highlights the potential of targeting brain rhythms for clinical interventions in social anxiety.