Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Effects of Chemicals: Overview01:27

Effects of Chemicals: Overview

2.4K
Drugs, encompassing various chemical compounds from natural sources, lab synthesis, or genetic engineering, elicit different biological responses in living organisms. Some of these responses are desirable or therapeutic, while others are undesirable. The primary goal of administering a drug is to achieve a therapeutic effect, that is, to address a specific disease or health condition. Any concurrent effects outside of this therapeutic outcome are considered undesirable. These undesirable...
2.4K
Types of Toxins01:36

Types of Toxins

4.0K
Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
4.0K
Chemical Agents for Microbial Control01:27

Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

1.5K
Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
1.5K
Microbial Corrosion01:24

Microbial Corrosion

38
Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) is a significant form of material degradation caused by the metabolic activities of microorganisms. This phenomenon poses substantial challenges across various industries, including oil and gas, maritime, and water treatment sectors.MIC occurs when microorganisms, such as bacteria, archaea, and fungi, colonize metal surfaces, forming biofilms that alter the local electrochemical environment. These biofilms can lead to the production of corrosive...
38
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

2.2K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
2.2K
Chemical and Solubility Equilibria02:21

Chemical and Solubility Equilibria

5.1K
The free energy change associated with dissolving a solute in a liter of solvent is called the free energy of a solution, ΔGsolution. The overall ΔGsolution is expressed as the balance of ΔGinteraction against the always-favorable free-energy of mixing, ΔGmixing. Solution formation is favorable if  ΔGsolution is less than zero, whereas it is unfavorable if ΔGsolution is greater than zero. In short, for a solution to form and complete dissolution to take place,...
5.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Planetary Boundary for Novel Entities: Time for a Reboot.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

A hidden pattern? Common polyextremophilic microbial adaptations in Icy Moon analog environments.

Frontiers in astronomy and space sciences·2026
Same author

Quantitative stratigraphic volume of Martian lowlands using Noachian crater statistics: new bounds on volcanic effusion and flooding epochs.

Frontiers in astronomy and space sciences·2026
Same author

Sustainable co-production of 1,3-PDO, ethanol and H<sub>2</sub> from glycerol via dark fermentation by <i>Citrobacter telavivensis</i> T1.2D-1 isolated from the deep subsurface.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same author

Lipid Biomarkers in Microbialites from a Maar Lake: An Astrobiological Study of Biomarker Preservation under Mars Analog Conditions.

Astrobiology·2026
Same author

Polychlorinated Alkane Profiles and Concentrations in Bolivian Andes Soils Point to a Long-Range Transport Influence.

Environmental science & technology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Emission Spectroscopic Boundary Layer Investigation during Ablative Material Testing in Plasmatron
09:41

Emission Spectroscopic Boundary Layer Investigation during Ablative Material Testing in Plasmatron

Published on: June 9, 2016

13.0K

Toward "Safe" Chemicals and Materials on Mars: Knowledge Gaps for Expanding Planetary Protection Requirements.

John D Hader1, Alberto G Fairén2,3, Marlene Ågerstrand4

  • 1Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Technology and Society Laboratory, St. Gallen 9014, Switzerland.

Environmental Science & Technology
|March 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Human-made chemicals and materials may contaminate Mars, threatening scientific exploration. New "No- or Low-Exposure by Design" guidelines are proposed to manage these risks, drawing lessons from Earth's pollution policies.

Keywords:
chemical fate and transportchemical regulationchemicals managementmicroplasticsmultilateral environmental agreementsplanetary protectionsafe and sustainable by design

More Related Videos

Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports
05:58

Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports

Published on: June 12, 2018

7.0K
Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste
08:14

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Published on: July 18, 2025

1.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Emission Spectroscopic Boundary Layer Investigation during Ablative Material Testing in Plasmatron
09:41

Emission Spectroscopic Boundary Layer Investigation during Ablative Material Testing in Plasmatron

Published on: June 9, 2016

13.0K
Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports
05:58

Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports

Published on: June 12, 2018

7.0K
Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste
08:14

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Published on: July 18, 2025

1.6K

Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Astrobiology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • The Outer Space Treaty mandates avoiding harmful contamination during celestial body exploration.
  • Planetary Protection regulations focus on microbial contamination, overlooking anthropogenic chemicals and materials.
  • Unregulated chemicals and materials pose a threat to scientific exploration and the search for extraterrestrial life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emission, partitioning, persistence, and transport processes for anthropogenic chemicals and materials on Mars.
  • To identify knowledge gaps in understanding the hazards of these substances to potential Martian life.
  • To propose expanding Planetary Protection guidelines with a "No- or Low-Exposure by Design" approach.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on chemical and material processes on Mars.
  • Analysis of Earth-based pollution policy development and its applicability to Mars.
  • Identification of key knowledge gaps concerning the impact of anthropogenic substances on Mars.

Main Results:

  • Anthropogenic chemicals and materials are not currently regulated under Planetary Protection.
  • Significant knowledge gaps exist regarding the hazards and environmental fate of these substances on Mars.
  • Lessons from Earth's pollution management can inform interplanetary chemical and material strategies.

Conclusions:

  • A proactive "No- or Low-Exposure by Design" approach is crucial for managing chemical and material contamination on Mars.
  • Expanding Planetary Protection guidelines to include chemical and material management is essential for safeguarding scientific exploration.
  • Interplanetary pollution policies require careful consideration of both exposure and hazard potential, informed by terrestrial experience.