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Exploring performance-related inter-limb asymmetry thresholds in speed skating: a CART analysis approach.

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Summary

Excessive lower limb strength asymmetry in speed skaters negatively impacts performance, especially during starts and sprints. Identifying specific asymmetry thresholds using jump tests can help evaluate and improve skating times.

Keywords:
drop jumplimb dominanceregression treespeed skatersquat jump

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Movement

Background:

  • Long-term speed skating training can induce inter-limb asymmetry.
  • Excessive asymmetry may hinder athletic performance, but thresholds for specific skating phases are unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the relationship between lower limb strength asymmetry and speed skating split times.
  • Identify asymmetry thresholds impacting performance using Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed inter-limb asymmetry in 39 adolescent male speed skaters using single-leg vertical drop jump (SVDJ) and single-leg lateral squat jump (SLSJ).
  • Recorded 500 m time trial split times for start (20 m), straight (100 m), and curve phases.
  • Utilized CART analysis to determine asymmetry thresholds for jump height and take-off velocity.

Main Results:

  • SVDJ jump height asymmetry correlated with 20 m start time (p=0.005).
  • Combined SVDJ and SLSJ asymmetry explained variance in 100 m straight and 500 m total times (RMSE=0.27-1.07).
  • CART identified SVDJ jump height (12.07%) and SLSJ take-off velocity (10.26%) asymmetry thresholds, significantly differentiating performance groups (p<0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Exceeding asymmetry thresholds for SVDJ jump height and SLSJ take-off velocity negatively affects speed skating performance.
  • The identified thresholds provide a reference for evaluating inter-limb asymmetry in speed skaters.
  • This methodology can be adapted for performance assessment in other sports.