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Pulse Oximetry Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Disease: A Four-Year Experience in Qatar

Rawia Abu Jarir1, Nuha Nimeri1, Azzam Alsaid1

  • 1Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Women's Wellness and Research Center (WWRC), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.

Cureus
|March 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Pulse oximetry screening (POCC) aids in detecting critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) in newborns. While POCC identified 24% of CCHD cases, it complemented other diagnostic methods for timely intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal cardiology
  • Public health screening
  • Pediatric diagnostics

Background:

  • Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) significantly contributes to newborn illness and death.
  • Early detection through pulse oximetry screening (POCC) is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of POCC in identifying CCHD among newborns at a specific center in Qatar.
  • To analyze POCC performance between 2017 and 2020.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of live births from January 2017 to December 2020.
  • Review of screening registries and patient medical records.
  • Descriptive and comparative statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Out of 68,150 live births, 141 CCHD cases were detected.
  • POCC identified 34 (24%) of CCHD cases, with 8 true positives and 26 false positives (23.5% positive predictive value).
  • Pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) was the most frequent diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • POCC serves as a valuable adjunct to antenatal and clinical assessments for CCHD.
  • It effectively identifies 'silent' yet critical CCHD cases.
  • Continued universal screening via POCC is recommended for early detection and better infant outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
congenital cardiac anomaliescritical congenital heart disease screening thresholdneonatal intensive care unit (nicu)pulse oximetryscreening program

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