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Updated: Mar 28, 2026

A Microscopic Phenotypic Assay for the Quantification of Intracellular Mycobacteria Adapted for High-throughput/High-content Screening
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A Multi-Omics Study Reveals Pathway-Level Insights and Predictive Biomarkers in pediatric TB

Zaynab Mousavian, Mark R Segal, Roger I Calderon

    Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
    |March 27, 2026
    PubMed

    Insights

    This study integrated multi-omics data to improve pediatric tuberculosis diagnosis. Proteomics showed significant potential for accurately classifying childhood TB, offering a promising avenue for better diagnostic tools.

    Area of Science:

    • Multi-omics analysis in infectious diseases
    • Pediatric diagnostics and biomarker discovery
    • Immunology and metabolic pathway analysis

    Background:

    • Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant global health challenge, particularly affecting over a million children annually.
    • Diagnostic difficulties hinder timely treatment for pediatric TB cases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To conduct a multi-omics analysis integrating plasma proteomics and metabolomics for pediatric TB.
    • To discover diagnostic biomarkers and compare multi-omics signatures with single-omics approaches.

    Main Methods:

    • Integrated plasma proteomics and metabolomics data from children with presumptive TB.
    • Utilized multiGSEA for pathway enrichment analysis to identify immune and metabolic pathways.
    • Applied mixOmics and multiview methods for biomarker discovery and performance comparison.

    Main Results:

    • Data integration uniquely identified pathways like PTEN/RUNX2 regulation and arginine/proline metabolism.
    • Proteomics alone demonstrated superior performance in classifying Confirmed TB versus Unlikely TB in children compared to metabolomics.
    • Multi-omics models showed marginal improvement over single-omics models in diagnostic accuracy.

    Conclusions:

    • Combining complementary molecular data layers enhances understanding of pediatric TB disease mechanisms.
    • Proteomics holds significant potential for improving the accuracy of pediatric TB diagnosis.
    Abstract

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