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Published on: January 31, 2022

Pesticides Drive Liver Diseases Through Non-Apoptotic Regulated Cell Death Pathways.

Zamza Khairullina¹, Saulesh Kurmangaliyeva¹, Rustam Yussupov²

¹Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, 68 Maresyev St., Aktobe 030000, Kazakhstan.

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Summary

Pesticide exposure contributes to liver diseases by triggering specific cell death pathways. Understanding these mechanisms, including ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, can help prevent liver damage.

Keywords:

apoptosis damage-associated molecular patterns ferroptosis necroptosis pyroptosis regulated cell death

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Area of Science:

Environmental Toxicology
Hepatology
Cell Biology

Background:

Pesticide exposure is linked to various human diseases.
The liver is crucial for pesticide detoxification, making it susceptible to pesticide-induced damage.
Pesticides contribute to liver conditions like NAFLD, ALD, cirrhosis, and cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the role of non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) pathways in pesticide-induced liver toxicity.
To highlight ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis as underappreciated mechanisms of pesticide-induced liver damage.
To explore how these RCDs contribute to liver steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammation.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of existing literature on pesticide exposure and liver disease.
Analysis of studies investigating pesticide-induced cell death mechanisms.
Examination of the link between non-apoptotic RCDs and liver pathology markers.

Main Results:

Pesticides induce liver diseases by activating ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis.
Non-apoptotic RCDs are key mediators of pesticide-induced liver steatosis and fibrosis.
These cell death pathways promote inflammation via cytokine production and DAMPs release.

Conclusions:

Pesticide-induced liver toxicity involves non-apoptotic regulated cell death pathways.
Targeting ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis may offer novel strategies for preventing pesticide-related liver damage.
Further understanding of RCDs and immunogenic effects is crucial for developing preventive measures.