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Microbial Biosensors

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Dry Film Photoresist-based Electrochemical Microfluidic Biosensor Platform: Device Fabrication, On-chip Assay Preparation, and System Operation

Dry Film Photoresist-based Electrochemical Microfluidic Biosensor Platform: Device Fabrication, On-chip Assay Preparation, and System Operation

Published on: September 19, 2017

Femtosecond Laser Micropore-Enhanced Miniaturised PCB-Based Microbial Fuel Cell Biosensor for Toxicity Detection.

Tong Qi^1,2, Zhongxian Li¹, Hebin Sun¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.

|March 27, 2026

Summary

This study developed a low-cost microbial fuel cell (MFC) biosensor for toxicity detection. A novel laser-processed anode improved microbial adhesion, enabling sensitive detection of formaldehyde at 0.1% concentration.

Keywords:

PCB-based biosensor femtosecond laser microbial fuel cell toxicity biosensor

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Published on: November 20, 2013

Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Biotechnology
Sensor Technology

Background:

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer a sustainable platform for biosensing.
Miniaturization and cost-effectiveness are key challenges for MFC biosensor development.
Improving microbial adhesion on anode surfaces is crucial for biosensor performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a low-cost, small-scale MFC toxicity biosensor.
To enhance microbial adhesion on the anode surface using femtosecond laser processing.
To evaluate the biosensor's performance in detecting formaldehyde toxicity.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a single-chamber MFC biosensor on a printed circuit board (PCB) with a 3D-printed chamber.
Screen-printed carbon anode and carbon paper air cathode.
Femtosecond laser processing to create a 40 μm micropore array on the anode for improved microbial adhesion.
Utilisation of *Rhizobium rosettiformans* W3 as the anode microorganism.
Toxicity testing using formaldehyde solutions.

Main Results:

Femtosecond laser processing successfully created micropores without damaging the electrode or PCB.
Micropores increased anode surface area and hydrophilicity, enhancing microbial coating adhesion.
The MFC biosensor demonstrated sensitivity to formaldehyde toxicity.
A 0.1% formaldehyde concentration significantly reduced the sensor's output power.

Conclusions:

The developed MFC biosensor is a cost-effective and miniaturized solution for toxicity detection.
Femtosecond laser processing is an effective method for enhancing MFC anode performance.
The biosensor shows potential for environmental monitoring applications.