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Organizational Principles of Biological Systems.

Roberto Carlos Navarro-Quiroz1,2,3, Kelvin Navarro Quiroz1, Victor Navarro Quiroz1

  • 1Center for Research in Critical Dynamics, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia.

Biology
|March 27, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Life emerges from physics and information through universal organizational principles, forming autonomous systems that process information and evolve complexity. This challenges biological exceptionalism, showing a continuous trajectory from thermodynamics to cognition.

Keywords:
biological organizationcomplex systemscriticalityemergenceinformation theoryphysics of lifeself-organization

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Area of Science:

  • Physics and Information Theory
  • Systems Biology
  • Theoretical Biology

Background:

  • Life's complex organization appears emergent, yet its precise relationship with fundamental physical laws remains debated.
  • Understanding life's autonomy and agency requires bridging the gap between physics, information, and biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose universal organizational principles as a physical and informational grammar underlying living systems.
  • To explain the emergence of life's autonomy, agency, and complexity from fundamental physical constraints.
  • To synthesize thermodynamics, information theory, and biology to reveal a continuous trajectory from physical laws to cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of principles governing dissipative structures, scaling laws, and self-organized criticality.
  • Application of the Free Energy Principle to explain cognition as active inference.
  • Analysis of organizational principles across multiple scales, from molecular networks to ecosystems.

    • Main Results:

    • Living systems are dissipative structures with organizational closure, exhibiting autonomy and agency.
    • Fractal and modular scaling laws, self-organized criticality, and active inference are universal principles.
    • Evolution is a directional expansion of functional complexity, driven by a thermodynamic gradient towards agency.
    • Organizational principles exhibit holography, replicating across scales.

    Conclusions:

    • Life fulfills, rather than violates, physical laws by operating in regimes of high informational complexity.
    • A continuous, physically constrained, and potentially inevitable trajectory exists from thermodynamics to cognition.
    • The proposed physico-informational grammar unifies physics and biology, illuminating the continuity between physical processes and the mind.