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Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes
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Identifying Inadequate Maternal Nutrition in Pregnancies Affected by Fetal Heart Defects: A Feasibility Pilot Study

Carson Flamm1, Michelle Udine2, Sarah Clauss2

  • 1School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA.

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
|March 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Maternal nutrition may influence congenital heart disease (CHD) risk. This pilot study found lower intake of key nutrients and healthier foods in pregnancies with fetal CHD, highlighting the need for nutritional interventions.

Keywords:
congenital heart diseasediet qualityfood securitymaternal nutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pediatrics
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) has complex causes, with maternal nutrition's role being unclear.
  • Understanding maternal dietary factors could offer new strategies for CHD prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the association between maternal diet quality, nutrient intake, and food security with fetal CHD.
  • To assess the feasibility of using a Diet Quality Photo Navigation (DQPN) tool in this research.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study involving 100 pregnant individuals, including 20 with CHD-affected pregnancies.
  • Dietary quality and nutrient intake assessed using the DQPN tool; food security and demographics collected via survey.
  • Statistical tests compared dietary patterns between CHD-affected and non-CHD-affected pregnancies.

Main Results:

  • CHD-affected pregnancies showed lower Healthy Eating Index scores and reduced intake of iron, manganese, vitamin C, and fiber.
  • The non-CHD group consumed more healthy snacks, plant-based meat alternatives, and unsweetened beverages.
  • No significant differences in food security or socioeconomic status were found between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal dietary patterns differ between pregnancies with and without fetal CHD.
  • The DQPN tool is a feasible method for assessing diet in fetal health research.
  • Further research into maternal nutrition is crucial for developing targeted interventions to mitigate CHD risk.