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Simulation of GO-PAMAM-Modified Polysulfone Substrate-Based Thin-Film Composite Reverse-Osmosis Membranes for Desalination.

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Modification of Polysulfone Substrate with GO-PAMAM Nanocomposite for Improved Desalination Performance.

Mohd Muzammil Zubair1,2, Ahmed T Yasir3, Abdelbaki Benamor4

  • 1UNESCO Chair in Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Material, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.

Membranes
|March 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed advanced reverse osmosis (RO) membranes using graphene oxide-poly(amidoamine) nanocomposites. The optimized membranes significantly improve water flux and salt rejection, addressing global freshwater scarcity.

Keywords:
PAMAMgraphene oxidepolysulfone substratereverse osmosisthin-film composite (TFC)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Global freshwater scarcity necessitates innovative desalination technologies.
  • Current reverse osmosis (RO) membranes face limitations like the permeability-selectivity trade-off, fouling, and instability.
  • Polysulfone (PSF) supports are widely used but can be enhanced for improved membrane performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and evaluate novel polysulfone (PSF) membranes embedded with graphene oxide-poly(amidoamine) (GO-PAMAM) nanocomposites for enhanced desalination.
  • To investigate the effect of varying GO-PAMAM concentrations on membrane properties and performance.
  • To develop a scalable substrate-level modification strategy for next-generation RO membranes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of PSF support membranes via phase inversion.
  • Incorporation of GO-PAMAM nanocomposites at 0.03, 0.06, and 0.10 wt% concentrations.
  • Performance testing of membranes for NaCl rejection and water flux at 20 bar and 4 L min⁻¹ feed flow rate.
  • Evaluation of membrane fouling resistance.

Main Results:

  • The membrane with 0.06 wt% GO-PAMAM exhibited a uniform polyamide layer.
  • Optimized membrane achieved high NaCl rejection (95.88%) and water flux (42.6 L m⁻² h⁻¹).
  • The modified membrane demonstrated superior fouling resistance, retaining 93% of its initial flux after fouling.

Conclusions:

  • Substrate-level modification using GO-PAMAM nanocomposites is an effective strategy to enhance RO membrane performance.
  • The optimized membranes offer a promising solution for sustainable and energy-efficient desalination.
  • This scalable approach contributes to meeting the escalating global demand for clean water.