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Cardiometabolic index is associated with hypertension among US older adults: An analysis of NHANES 2011-2018

Chunxue Zhou1, Zhaokai Wang2, Yuxin Jiang1

  • 1Department of Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Medicine
|March 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is positively correlated with hypertension in older adults. Higher CMI levels significantly increase the risk of developing hypertension, suggesting its potential as a cost-effective biomarker.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Hypertension is a leading global cause of mortality and morbidity.
  • Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome.
  • The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is an emerging indicator for metabolic dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the cardiometabolic index (CMI) and hypertension in older adults.
  • To determine if CMI can serve as a biomarker for hypertension risk in the elderly population.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 3067 adults aged 60+ from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018).
  • Multivariate logistic regression and smooth curve fitting were used to assess the CMI-hypertension association.
  • Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the findings.

Main Results:

  • Participants with the highest CMI had an 86% increased risk of hypertension compared to those with the lowest CMI (OR=1.86, 95% CI=1.43-2.44).
  • Smooth curve fitting confirmed a positive correlation between CMI and hypertension.
  • No significant interactions were found between CMI and specific subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • The cardiometabolic index (CMI) shows a positive correlation with hypertension in older adults.
  • CMI may serve as a simple, cost-effective biomarker for screening hypertension risk in the elderly.
  • Further research can explore CMI's role in predicting cardiovascular events in aging populations.

Keywords:
NHANESagingcardiometabolic indexhypertension

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