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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Stratified Epithelium01:29

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Stratified epithelium consists of several stacked layers of cells. They provide the durability to withstand constant physical and chemical attacks. Stratified epithelium is named after the shape of the most apical layer of cells. Stratified squamous epithelium is the most common type found in the human body. In this tissue, the apical cells are squamous, whereas the basal layer contains either columnar or cuboidal cells. The basal cells divide to form new daughter cells, which gradually become...
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Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
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Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: December 1, 2023

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Inferior-Superior Epithelial Thickness Difference: Zone-Specific Analysis Across Topographic Asymmetry.

Marcony R Santhiago1, Claudia R Morgado, Nicole B Larivoir

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology at University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
|March 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Corneal epithelial thickness differences measured by OCT correlate with topographic asymmetry, particularly in higher-risk eyes. The central 2-5 mm annulus and inferotemporal-superonasal axis are most informative for assessing epithelial asymmetry.

Keywords:
Anterior segment OCTCorneal asymmetryEpithelial thickness mappingInferior–superior indexKeratoconus detectionRefractive surgery screening

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Imaging
  • Refractive Surgery

Background:

  • Corneal topography is crucial for refractive surgery screening.
  • Inferior-superior (IS) asymmetry is a key topographic parameter.
  • Epithelial thickness variations can influence corneal biomechanics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the relationship between OCT-derived epithelial thickness metrics and corneal topographic IS asymmetry.
  • To identify optimal annular zones and axis-defined sectors for assessing epithelial asymmetry.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed 526 eyes from patients undergoing refractive surgery screening.
  • Computed 12 epithelial thickness-difference metrics from OCT maps.
  • Correlated metrics with Placido-based topographic IS values across different strata.

Main Results:

  • The central 2-5 mm annulus showed the strongest association with IS.
  • A negative correlation was observed for IS >1.4 D, especially along the inferotemporal-superonasal axis (r = -0.62).
  • Epithelial deviations were clearer in eyes with higher IS values (>1.4 D).

Conclusions:

  • A nonlinear association exists between OCT epithelial thickness metrics and topographic IS.
  • Central, axis-defined epithelial asymmetry is a valuable marker in higher-IS eyes.
  • Epithelial metrics have limited utility in low-asymmetry eyes due to weak coupling.