Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

10.3K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
10.3K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

10.2K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
10.2K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

4.3K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
4.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

In-situ inference of the thermoacoustic properties of an industrial combustion systema).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

Learning the relationship between operating condition and flame response from acoustic dataa).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

Non-decameric NLRP3 reveals a TGN/MTOC-distal pathway of inflammasome activation.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Live-cell physiology in human brain tissue culture-the potential, the challenges, and the lessons learned.

Frontiers in cellular neuroscience·2026
Same author

The epitranscriptomic m6A RNA modification modulates the synapse in ageing and in a mouse model of synucleinopathy.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

The role of microRNAs in executive functions: a comprehensive review and bioinformatics analysis of human and animal studies.

Molecular psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Loss of immunological control at CD28 superfamily checkpoints links brain and peripheral immunity to depressive-like behaviors in animal models.

Neurobiology of disease·2026
Same journal

Investigating tau-related white matter degeneration in Alzheimer's disease using fixel-based analysis.

Neurobiology of disease·2026
Same journal

Evidence for hippocampal globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) accumulation and spatial memory impairment in a mouse model of Fabry disease.

Neurobiology of disease·2026
Same journal

Leveraging the dominant-negative effect of the kuru-protective G127V prion protein variant as a novel therapeutic strategy.

Neurobiology of disease·2026
Same journal

GDAP1 orchestrates redox signaling at membrane contact sites to preserve axonal integrity in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.

Neurobiology of disease·2026
Same journal

Tier-specific location of Lewy body pathology and related neuromelanin levels drive dopaminergic cell vulnerability in pigmented non-human primates.

Neurobiology of disease·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
09:12

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates

Published on: January 30, 2014

16.9K

lncRNA Glelr modulates microglia inflammatory programs in association with PU.1.

Ranjit Pradhan1, M Sadman Sakib1, Lalit Kaurani1

  • 1Department for Systems Medicine and Epigenetics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.

Neurobiology of Disease
|March 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Glelr/GLELR is upregulated in aging brains and linked to Alzheimer's disease. Its depletion in microglia enhances inflammation and phagocytosis, suggesting it as a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords:
3222401L13Rik/ENSG00000272070Alzheimer's diseaseLong non-coding RNA (lncRNA)MicrogliaNeuroinflammationNon-coding RNAomePU.1 (SPI1)

More Related Videos

Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation
13:36

Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

20.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
09:12

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates

Published on: January 30, 2014

16.9K
Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation
13:36

Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

20.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical for brain function but their role in microglial aging and neurodegenerative diseases is understudied.
  • The non-coding RNAome represents a vast, largely unexplored territory for therapeutic discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of the glia-enriched lncRNA Glelr and its human homolog GLELR in microglial aging and neuroinflammation.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting GLELR in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Main Methods:

  • Investigated Glelr/GLELR expression in aging astrocytes and microglia.
  • Performed knockdown of Glelr in primary microglia and analyzed transcriptional changes via RNA-sequencing.
  • Examined conserved functions of human GLELR in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglia.
  • Analyzed GLELR expression in postmortem Alzheimer's disease brains.

Main Results:

  • Glelr/GLELR expression increases with age in microglia and astrocytes.
  • Glelr knockdown in microglia enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (e.g., TNFα) and phagocytic activity.
  • RNA-sequencing revealed enrichment of TNF and complement signaling pathways upon Glelr depletion.
  • Human GLELR loss in iPSC-derived microglia mirrored these inflammatory and phagocytic changes.
  • Glelr interacts with the transcription factor PU.1, influencing its transcriptional programs.
  • GLELR expression was significantly reduced in Alzheimer's disease brains.

Conclusions:

  • Glelr/GLELR is a conserved, aging-associated lncRNA that regulates microglial inflammatory states via PU.1 interaction.
  • Reduced GLELR expression in Alzheimer's disease brains links glial lncRNA dysregulation to neuroinflammation.
  • GLELR represents a potential molecular target for modulating microglial activity in neurodegenerative conditions.