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Pain Experience During Rapid Maxillary Expansion: A Prospective Observational Study.

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  • 1Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 35121 Padova, Italy.

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Summary

Pain during rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in children is common, especially initially. Expander type, anchorage, and age significantly impact pain levels, guiding clinical decisions for pediatric orthodontic treatment.

Keywords:
childmaxillary expansionorthodonticspainpalatal expansion technique

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a common orthodontic treatment for pediatric transverse maxillary deficiency.
  • Pain and discomfort are frequently reported during the initial phase of RME.
  • Understanding factors influencing pain is crucial for optimizing patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the intensity and temporal pattern of pain in pediatric patients undergoing RME.
  • To evaluate the influence of age, sex, maxillary deficit type, expander type, and dental anchorage on pain perception.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study of 134 pediatric patients (mean age 8 years).
  • Treatment with tooth-borne Haas or Hyrax expanders.
  • Daily pain monitoring using the Wong-Baker FACES scale; ANOVA analysis.

Main Results:

  • Pain was most intense in the initial treatment days.
  • Hyrax expanders and tooth-borne anchorage on first permanent molars caused significantly more initial pain than Haas expanders and anchorage on second primary molars, respectively.
  • Unilateral posterior and anterior crossbites, and younger age, were associated with higher pain levels.

Conclusions:

  • Expander type, anchorage, maxillary contraction type, and patient age significantly affect pain during pediatric RME.
  • Findings offer clinical guidance for selecting expanders and anchorage, and for timing interventions to manage pain effectively.