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Quality of Life in Children with Developmental Language Disorder.

Mélanie van Barreveld1,2, Iris Duinmeijer3, Annette Scheper1,2

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Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2026
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Summary

Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) experience reduced quality of life (QoL) between ages 4 and 9, particularly in emotional well-being. Early peer problems and multilingualism impact these QoL changes.

Keywords:
behaviourdevelopmentdevelopmental language disorderquality of lifesocial–emotional functioningwell-being

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Area of Science:

  • Child Development
  • Linguistics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) has lasting impacts on child development, affecting cognition, behavior, and environment.
  • Quality of Life (QoL) in children with DLD may be influenced by these broader developmental challenges.
  • Understanding factors influencing QoL changes in DLD is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize changes in Quality of Life (QoL) for children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) between ages 4 and 9.
  • To identify cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors associated with QoL changes in children with DLD.
  • To investigate the impact of early language intervention on long-term QoL outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study tracking children with DLD from age 4 to 9.
  • Utilized parent-reported online questionnaires, including the KINDL for QoL across six domains.
  • Employed Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to analyze relationships between QoL changes and influencing factors.

Main Results:

  • Children with DLD showed reduced QoL compared to norms in most domains, except self-esteem and family well-being.
  • Emotional well-being and self-esteem scores significantly declined from age 4 to 9.
  • Peer problems and multilingualism were identified as significant factors influencing QoL changes over time.

Conclusions:

  • The QoL of children with DLD is vulnerable during the 4-9 year age range, with a potential for deterioration, especially in emotional well-being.
  • Early identification and support for peer relationship difficulties and considerations for multilingual environments are important for supporting QoL in children with DLD.
  • While peer problems and multilingualism show influence, their precise impact on QoL changes requires cautious interpretation.