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Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

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The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
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Applications of Antioxidant Nanoparticles, 2nd Edition.

Rita Cortesi1, Maddalena Sguizzato1

  • 1Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DoCPAS), University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes oxidative stress, linked to various diseases. This study explores the role of ROS in physiological processes and disease onset.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial in regulating physiological processes.

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  • An imbalance, leading to oxidative stress, is implicated in numerous pathologies.
  • Understanding ROS dynamics is key to addressing oxidative stress-related diseases.