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According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
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AI and the Future of Work: Assessing Occupational Social Status Perceptions Among University Students.

Jiawei Liu1, Yifan Zhuang1, Huaqi Yang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, No. 55, West Zhongshan Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510631, China.

Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary

University students perceive occupational status based on personal ability and hierarchy, not artificial intelligence (AI). Their views on AI

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AI involvementartificial intelligentoccupational social statusthreat perception

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Area of Science:

  • Labor economics
  • Sociology of work
  • Human-computer interaction

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming labor markets and occupational value.
  • University students' perceptions of occupational status are vital for career development and education-labor market alignment.
  • Understanding these perceptions is key to navigating AI-driven workforce changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how layoff risks and AI threat perceptions influence students' occupational status evaluations.
  • To investigate the impact of AI's role in jobs on perceptions of status indicators and cognitive work types.
  • To analyze the discrepancy between student attitudes toward AI and actual employment trends.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies were conducted to examine university students' perceptions.
  • Study 1 focused on layoff risks and AI as a threat.
  • Study 2 investigated AI's role in job types and status indicators.

Main Results:

  • Students prioritize personal ability and organizational hierarchy over AI in determining occupational status.
  • A positive attitude toward AI correlates with a higher likelihood of pursuing routine cognitive occupations.
  • AI shows an inverted U-shaped effect on occupational status indicators; non-routine cognitive jobs decline earlier but retain higher status than routine ones.

Conclusions:

  • University students exhibit a complex, contradictory attitude towards AI's impact on occupational status.
  • These perceptions are misaligned with current employment trends in the AI era.
  • Guidance is needed for students to better understand and adapt to AI-driven labor market shifts.