Recent Advances in Aptamer-Based Applications in Cardiology.

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Cardiology

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant global health burden.
• Current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for CVDs have limitations in sensitivity and specificity.
• Aptamers, as novel oligonucleotide tools, show promise in addressing these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the emerging role of aptamers in cardiology.
• To highlight aptamer applications in CVD diagnostics, therapeutics, and theranostics.
• To discuss the integration of aptamers with nanomaterials for enhanced platforms.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of aptamer applications in cardiovascular medicine.
• Analysis of aptamer-based biosensors for cardiac biomarkers.
• Evaluation of aptamer-based anticoagulation and drug delivery systems.
• Assessment of aptamer-nanomaterial conjugates.

Main Results:

• Aptamers enable highly sensitive biosensors for cardiac biomarkers, facilitating early detection and point-of-care testing.
• Aptamers provide targeted, controllable, and reversible anticoagulation therapies.
• Aptamers function as precision delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents to cardiomyocytes.
• Integration with nanomaterials enhances aptamer-based biosensing and drug delivery platforms.

Conclusions:

• Aptamer technology holds significant potential for personalized cardiovascular disease interventions.
• Ongoing clinical trials demonstrate the clinical viability of aptamer-based diagnostics and therapeutics.
• Further research into aptamer stability and immunogenicity is crucial for clinical translation.