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Health-Related Quality of Life in Radiologically Isolated Syndrome Resembles Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

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Health-related quality of life in radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) is similar to relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Fatigue significantly impacts quality of life in both conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) presents MRI findings indicative of multiple sclerosis (MS) without prior clinical events.
  • Understanding the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in RIS is crucial for patient management and prognosis.
  • Comparing HRQoL between RIS and relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) can inform clinical care pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare HRQoL between RIS and RRMS patients, adjusting for fatigue, cognition, and psychological distress.
  • To contextualize generic HRQoL in RIS and RRMS relative to healthy controls.
  • To identify factors influencing HRQoL in these neurological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 30 RIS, 29 RRMS, and 30 healthy controls.
  • Assessment of MS-specific HRQoL using the Functional Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis (FAMS) for patients.
  • Evaluation of generic HRQoL using the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) visual analogue scale and utility index for all participants.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in FAMS scores between RIS and RRMS, even after multivariable adjustment.
  • Unadjusted EQ-5D outcomes showed a gradient, but adjusted differences between RIS and other groups were not statistically significant.
  • Increased fatigue impact was consistently associated with poorer HRQoL across all models (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • HRQoL in RIS is comparable to that in RRMS.
  • Fatigue emerges as the most significant and consistent correlate of diminished HRQoL in both RIS and RRMS.
  • Psychological distress negatively affected MS-specific HRQoL (FAMS) but not generic HRQoL (EQ-5D).