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On-Demand Droplet Routing and Splitting Using Independently Addressable Interdigitated Electrodes.

¹Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.

|March 28, 2026

Summary

This study introduces a low-voltage microfluidic device for precise droplet splitting and sorting. The platform uses tilted electrodes for electrohydrodynamic control, advancing applications in drug discovery and diagnostics.

Keywords:

dielectrophoresis droplet sorting droplet splitting microfluidics

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Area of Science:

Microfluidics
Biotechnology
Electrical Engineering

Background:

Droplet microfluidics offers precise control over small fluid volumes for applications like drug discovery and diagnostics.
Droplet splitting is crucial for multi-step assays and parallel processing.
Existing electric-field methods often require high voltages.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a low-voltage microfluidic platform for electrically tunable droplet splitting and sorting.
To integrate tilted interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) with an asymmetric Y-junction for enhanced control.

Main Methods:

Utilized a microfluidic device with two independently addressable tilted IDE arrays.
Generated localized electric-field gradients to induce dielectrophoretic droplet deflection.
Adjusted voltage amplitude and selectively activated electrode arrays for dynamic control.

Main Results:

Achieved electrically tunable droplet splitting and sorting at moderate voltages.
Demonstrated dynamic routing of droplets into designated outlets.
Enabled deterministic real-time splitting with minimal structural complexity.

Conclusions:

The developed low-voltage platform offers adaptable electrohydrodynamic control for droplet manipulation.
This technology has potential for advancing high-throughput screening and diagnostics.
The integrated design simplifies complex droplet operations.