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Updated: Mar 29, 2026
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Detecting the Water-soluble Chloride Distribution of Cement Paste in a High-precision Way
Published on: November 21, 2017
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Research and Development of Cement-Based Dynamic Water Grouting Material for the CSM Construction Method
Zhigang Yang1, Fansheng Zhang1, Yong Chang2
1College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2026
Summary
This study developed an improved cement grout for cutter soil mixing (CSM) construction in dynamic water. The new material exhibits excellent anti-dispersion and waterproofing, making CSM viable for challenging underground engineering projects.
Area of Science:
- Civil Engineering
- Materials Science
- Geotechnical Engineering
Background:
- Cutter soil mixing (CSM) is crucial for underground waterproof diaphragm walls.
- Cement slurry used in CSM suffers performance degradation in dynamic water environments.
- Existing methods struggle to meet engineering requirements in moving water conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an improved CSM material suitable for dynamic water environments.
- To enhance the stability, fluidity, and anti-dispersion properties of cementitious grout.
- To address the limitations of conventional cement slurries in underwater construction.
Main Methods:
- Modified ordinary Portland cement with additives: hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), redispersible latex powder, polypropylene fiber, and polyether defoamer.
- Investigated the influence of each component on material performance in dynamic water.
- Determined the optimal mix ratio for the enhanced CSM material.
Main Results:
- The developed CSM material demonstrates good stability, controllable setting time, and suitable fluidity.
- Exhibits excellent anti-dispersion performance in dynamic water environments.
- Optimal mix ratio: water-cement ratio 1; HPMC 1.4%; redispersible latex powder 3%; polypropylene fiber 0.4%; polyether defoamer 0.8%.
Conclusions:
- The new CSM material is effective for constructing waterproof curtains in dynamic water.
- Field tests confirmed a leak-free wall with excellent waterproofing performance.
- The study provides a viable technical reference for applying CSM in challenging water conditions.
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