Design and In Vitro Evaluation of Cyclodextrin-Functionalized Albumin Nanoparticles for Intranasal Carbamazepine...

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology in drug delivery
• Biocompatible nanoparticle formulation
• Pharmaceutical sciences

Background:

• Intranasal delivery of carbamazepine (CBZ) faces challenges due to poor aqueous solubility and limited nasal permeability.
• Developing effective delivery systems is crucial for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of CBZ for central nervous system (CNS) disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To formulate and characterize sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin functionalized bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (SβCD-BSA NPs) for intranasal delivery of carbamazepine.
• To evaluate the impact of SβCD functionalization on nanoparticle properties, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro biopharmaceutical performance.

Main Methods:

• Carbamazepine-loaded SβCD-BSA NPs were prepared using the ethanolic desolvation method.
• Nanoparticle characterization included particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), encapsulation efficiency (EE%), and drug-loading ratio (DL%).
• Physicochemical interactions were confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

Main Results:

• SβCD-BSA NPs exhibited improved encapsulation efficiency (64.6%) and drug loading (34.28%) compared to non-functionalized NPs.
• SβCD incorporation significantly enhanced carbamazepine solubility and nasal permeability in vitro.
• Physicochemical characterization confirmed the interaction between carbamazepine and SβCD-BSA, validating SβCD's role.

Conclusions:

• SβCD-BSA NPs represent a promising platform for the intranasal delivery of poorly soluble CNS drugs like carbamazepine.
• The dual role of SβCD in enhancing solubility and nasal permeation offers potential therapeutic benefits for epilepsy treatment.