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Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
Published on: September 20, 2018
Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries: Risk Factors, Pelvic Floor Dysfunction, and Quality of Life Outcomes
Kristina Ivoskaite1, Atene Simanauskaite1, Egle Bartuseviciene1
1Faculty of Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASISs) are linked to higher rates of incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Women experiencing OASISs, particularly in recent years, report a worse quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Pelvic Floor Disorders
- Maternal Health
Background:
- Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASISs) are severe vaginal delivery complications impacting long-term pelvic floor function and quality of life.
- Global incidence of OASISs is rising, necessitating identification of risk factors and consequences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors for OASISs.
- To evaluate the impact of OASISs on urinary incontinence (UI), fecal incontinence (FI), pelvic organ prolapse (POP), and quality of life.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case-control study of 180 women (90 OASIS, 90 controls) at LUHS Kauno Klinikos (2004-2023).
- Data collected via medical records and questionnaires (ICIQ-SF, Wexner, POP-SS, PFIQ-7).
- Analysis included comparison of cohorts based on delivery year (2004-2013 vs. 2014-2023).
Main Results:
- Newborn weight and vacuum-assisted delivery were significant risk factors for OASIS (p < 0.05).
- Women with OASIS in the 2014-2023 cohort showed higher rates/severity of UI, FI, and POP.
- Recent OASIS group reported significantly worse quality of life related to UI/FI compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- OASISs occurred in 0.4% of deliveries at LUHS between 2004-2023, with newborn weight and vacuum extraction as key risk factors.
- Affected women experience increased UI, FI, and POP.
- The impact on quality of life has worsened in recent years for women with OASISs.
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