Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
Published on: July 8, 2025
Patient-Reported Epigastric Symptom Dynamics During Trimebutine Maleate Treatment: A Post-Marketing Study
Svetoslav Stoev1, Vesselina Yanachkova2,3, Elina Petkova-Gueorguieva4
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria.
Trimebutine maleate effectively reduced symptoms in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This real-world study supports its use in clinical practice.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Pharmacology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) represent a significant clinical challenge.
- Trimebutine maleate is a potential therapeutic agent for FGIDs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of trimebutine maleate in FGID patients.
- To assess patient-reported outcomes for trimebutine maleate therapy.
Main Methods:
- Prospective, non-interventional, multicenter study.
- 2501 patients with FGIDs (IBS, functional dyspepsia) across 50 clinical sites.
- Validated questionnaire (adapted Izumo scale) for symptom and quality of life assessment.
Main Results:
- Significant reduction in symptom severity, including epigastric pain and defecation difficulties.
- Mean pain scores decreased from 2.65 to 0.46 (p < 0.001).
- Early symptom improvement observed by the second visit.
Conclusions:
- Trimebutine maleate demonstrated well-tolerated and effective therapy in real-world Bulgarian clinical practice for IBS.
- Supports the inclusion of trimebutine maleate in future clinical guidelines for FGIDs.
Related Concept Videos
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System I: Subjective Data
Health History
The initial step in assessing the GI system is obtaining a comprehensive health history. This includes inquiring about the patient's history or presence of problems...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists
Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...

