Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

20
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
20
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

34
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
34
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

664
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
664
Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis01:28

Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis

43
Bacterial pathogens depend on precise and efficient DNA replication to sustain infection. Two type II topoisomerases—DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV—are critical to this process, as they resolve DNA supercoiling and unlink chromosomes during replication. Fluoroquinolones, synthetic derivatives of quinolones, exploit this mechanism by stabilizing the transient DNA–enzyme cleavage complex, preventing strand religation, and causing lethal double-strand breaks. These...
43
Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis01:25

Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis

31
Aminoglycosides constitute a highly potent class of bactericidal antibiotics that exert their antimicrobial effects by targeting the bacterial ribosome, specifically disrupting protein synthesis. These polycationic molecules consist of amino-modified sugars linked via glycosidic bonds to an aminocyclitol core such as 2-deoxystreptamine or streptamine. Their strong positive charges facilitate tight binding to the negatively charged phosphate backbone of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), primarily at the 16S...
31

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nationwide Detection and Molecular Characterization of Hepatitis E Virus RNA in Retail Pork Meat in Japan.

Viruses·2026
Same author

Elbasvir Inhibits Hepatitis E Virus Internalization and, in Combination with Ribavirin, Achieves Sustained Viral Suppression In Vitro.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Antiviral therapy and the risk of extrahepatic malignancies in chronic hepatitis C: insights from recent evidence.

Translational cancer research·2026
Same author

Linerixibat reduces cholestatic pruritus in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.

Translational gastroenterology and hepatology·2026
Same author

Safety and efficacy profile of S-005151 (Redasemtide), in patients with chronic liver diseases: phase 2 trial.

Inflammation and regeneration·2026
Same author

Nationwide Engagement in an Interdisciplinary eLearning Program on Alcohol Dependence in Japan.

Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology·2026
Same journal

Five-Year Risk of CIN3+ After CIN1 Biopsy in a Norwegian Screening Setting: Comparison of CIN1 Diagnosed in a Single Calendar Year and in Two Consecutive Calendar Years.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Prevention Bundle: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Saudi Study to Assess Knowledge, Adherence, and Perceived Barriers Among ICU Practitioners in Hail Region.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Anti-<i>Borrelia</i> IgG Seropositivity Among Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology: A Preliminary Case-Control Study from Northern Türkiye.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Molecular Characterization of Hemotropic <i>Mycoplasma</i> spp. From Bats (Chiroptera) in the Northern Pantanal, Brazil.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Characterization of Durum-Einkorn Amphiploids for Introgression of Powdery Mildew Resistance from Einkorn into Common Wheat.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Human Orthohantavirus Infections: A Narrative Review.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
09:35

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

Published on: February 1, 2017

14.1K

Azathioprine Inhibits Hepatitis A Virus Replication In Vitro.

Tatsuo Kanda1,2,3,4, Reina Sasaki-Tanaka3, Hiroyuki Abe3

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Uonuma Kikan Hospital, 4132 Urasa, Minamiuonuma 949-7302, Japan.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Azathioprine effectively inhibits Hepatitis A virus (HAV) replication and translation in human liver cells. This finding suggests azathioprine may be a valuable treatment option for immunocompromised patients experiencing HAV infections.

Keywords:
azathioprinehepatitis A virusimmunosuppression

More Related Videos

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
11:34

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

Published on: May 10, 2022

2.8K
Identifying Inhibitors of the HBx-DDB1 Interaction Using a Split Luciferase Assay System
05:55

Identifying Inhibitors of the HBx-DDB1 Interaction Using a Split Luciferase Assay System

Published on: December 21, 2019

7.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
09:35

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle

Published on: February 1, 2017

14.1K
A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
11:34

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

Published on: May 10, 2022

2.8K
Identifying Inhibitors of the HBx-DDB1 Interaction Using a Split Luciferase Assay System
05:55

Identifying Inhibitors of the HBx-DDB1 Interaction Using a Split Luciferase Assay System

Published on: December 21, 2019

7.3K

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Hepatitis A virus (HAV) can cause severe hepatitis, sometimes requiring liver transplantation and immunosuppressant therapy.
  • Breakthrough HAV infections are more frequent in immunocompromised individuals, but the impact of immunosuppressants on HAV replication remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of immunosuppressants on Hepatitis A virus (HAV) replication.
  • To determine if azathioprine can inhibit HAV replication and translation.

Main Methods:

  • Examined azathioprine's effect on HAV genotype IIIA replication in human hepatocytes.
  • Assessed azathioprine's impact on HAV genotype IB replication using subgenomic replicons in HuhT7 cells.
  • Investigated azathioprine's effect on HAV internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) activity in COS7 cells.

Main Results:

  • Azathioprine inhibited HAV genotype IIIA replication with an IC50 of 0.967 μmol/L.
  • Azathioprine significantly inhibited replication-competent HAV replicons compared to non-replicating ones.
  • Azathioprine demonstrated inhibitory effects on HAV IRES activity at 1 μmol/L, impacting viral translation.

Conclusions:

  • Azathioprine effectively inhibits both Hepatitis A virus replication and translation.
  • Azathioprine shows potential as a therapeutic agent for HAV-infected patients requiring immunosuppression.