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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

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In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

In Vitro ELISA Test to Evaluate Rabies Vaccine Potency
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Integrated Laboratory Evaluation of Rift Valley Fever Virus Antibodies Using the Competitive ELISA and Virus

Ommer M Dafalla1, Abdullah A Alashor1, Mohammed O Hussien1

  • 1The National Center for the Prevention & Control of Plant Pests & Animal Diseases (Weqaa), Operation Sector, General Department of Laboratories-Jazan Laboratory, Jizan 82224 , Saudi Arabia.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A competitive ELISA is suitable for rapid Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) screening, while a virus neutralization test is essential for confirming functional immunity against RVFV.

Keywords:
CPERift Valley fever virusSmithburn vaccineTCID50, antibody responsecompetitive ELISAimmunodiagnosticvero cellsvirus neutralization test

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Measuring Influenza Neuraminidase Inhibition Antibody Titers by Enzyme-linked Lectin Assay
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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) poses significant public health and veterinary risks in Africa and the Middle East.
  • Accurate diagnostic assays are crucial for RVFV surveillance, vaccine monitoring, and outbreak preparedness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the analytical performance of competitive ELISA (cELISA) and virus neutralization test (VNT) for RVFV antibody detection in vaccinated sheep.
  • To establish an integrated laboratory workflow for RVFV virus titration, serological detection, and functional neutralization assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples from vaccinated sheep were tested using a commercial RVFV cELISA.
  • Viral titration was performed, and VNT was conducted at various time points and viral doses.
  • Neutralizing ability was assessed by cytopathic effect inhibition in Vero cells.

Main Results:

  • cELISA showed robust antibody signals up to 1:32 dilution, becoming inconclusive at higher dilutions.
  • VNT demonstrated high protection rates at low serum dilutions against moderate viral loads, with efficacy decreasing at higher viral doses.
  • cELISA and VNT correlated strongly at low serum dilutions but diverged at higher dilutions (≥1:64).

Conclusions:

  • Both cELISA and VNT correlate well at high antibody concentrations but differ at lower concentrations.
  • cELISA is effective for rapid screening of RVFV antibodies (binding antibodies), while VNT confirms functional immunity (neutralizing antibodies).
  • Integrating cELISA and VNT provides a comprehensive immunological profile for RVFV surveillance and vaccine evaluation.