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Polymorph-specific Electronic Transduction In Wo3 During Molecular Sensing.

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Polymorph-specific Electronic Transduction In Wo3 During Molecular Sensing.

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Polymorph-Specific Electronic Transduction in WO₃ during Molecular Sensing.

Matteo D'Andria¹, Meng Yin², Stefan Neuhauser¹

¹Human-Centered Sensing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|March 28, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Different tungsten oxide (WO3) polymorphs show varied molecular sensing due to unique electronic charge allocation. This study reveals how subsurface electronic states, not just surface interactions, drive chemoresistive sensing performance.

Keywords:

electronic structure gas sensors nanotechnology semiconductors surfaces

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Surface Chemistry
Solid-State Physics

Background:

Polymorphs of tungsten oxide (WO3) are investigated for molecular sensing applications.
The underlying mechanisms of their differing chemoresistive properties remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanistic aspects of chemoresistive response generation in WO3 polymorphs.
To introduce energetic allocation of transferred charge as a key metric beyond net-transfer for gas-solid interactions.

Main Methods:

Combined operando work function measurements, chemisorption analysis, and in situ spectroscopy.
Utilized density functional theory calculations for theoretical validation.
Focused on acetone as the target analyte for both gamma- and epsilon-WO3 polymorphs.

Main Results:

Both gamma- and epsilon-WO3 exhibit similar surface-level acetone activation via electron-deficient tungsten sites.
Epsilon-WO3 uniquely stabilizes analyte-induced electronic states near the conduction band, crucial for conductivity modulation.
These subsurface electronic rearrangements in epsilon-WO3 correlate with superior transduction efficiency despite comparable surface chemistry.

Conclusions:

Energetic allocation of transferred charge provides a novel perspective on chemoresistive sensing mechanisms.
Intrinsic electronic structure, particularly subsurface states, is critical for designing efficient chemical transducers.
This framework enables rational development of advanced WO3-based sensors.