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Stroke preventive strategies and long-term cognitive function: A population-based study.

Wenling Chang1, Majed Obaid1, Charles D A Wolfe1

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|March 28, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing secondary stroke prevention medications, like antihypertensives and statins, significantly reduces cognitive impairment risk up to ten years post-stroke. Consistent combined treatment is key for long-term cognitive health after a stroke.

Keywords:
Acute therapyCognitive impairmentLong-term outcomesPreventive treatmentsStroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Secondary stroke prevention strategies are crucial for long-term patient outcomes.
  • Cognitive function after stroke is a significant concern with limited existing data.
  • Understanding the impact of post-stroke care on cognition is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effects of secondary stroke prevention strategies on cognitive function up to ten years post-stroke.
  • To evaluate the association between different treatment strategies and cognitive impairment.
  • To determine the long-term impact of post-stroke care on cognitive health.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the South London Stroke Register (SLSR) (1995-2018, n=6504).
  • Employed multivariable Poisson regression models with robust standard errors to assess risks.
  • Managed missing data using multiple imputation techniques.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive impairment prevalence was 29% (CI 26-32).
  • For ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation, antihypertensives, statins, and anticoagulants reduced cognitive impairment risk by 50%, 77%, and 82% respectively.
  • Combined treatments and acute stroke unit admission showed protective associations with cognitive impairment.

Conclusions:

  • Consistent use of combined secondary stroke prevention treatments is linked to better cognitive function up to 10 years post-stroke.
  • Optimizing medication management is a promising approach to mitigate long-term cognitive decline.
  • Early and sustained treatment adherence is critical for preserving cognitive health after stroke.