Three-dimensional Printed Anatomical Models in Orthopedic Preoperative Planning

Preoperative planning plays a crucial role in orthopedic surgery, especially in cases of complex and/or atypical anatomical abnormalities. This article discusses the role of 3D printed anatomical models, generated on the basis of imaging data, as a tool supporting surgeon preparation for orthopedic procedures. The aim of the paper is to identify and review the potential benefits of their use.This is an opinion paper based on current publications on the use of 3D printing in orthopedics, with particular emphasis on preoperative planning and the treatment of more complex cases. 3D printed models improve the surgeon's spatial orientation, make procedures more personalized, shorten surgical time and reduce blood loss. They also facilitate the correct placement of implants, improve functional outcomes, and serve as an educational tool. Additional advantages include potential cost savings and better patient understanding of the procedure. 3D anatomical models thus appear to be a valuable tool in orthopedic preoperative planning and can be particularly significant in difficult clinical cases. In the coming years, their use in daily orthopedic practice is likely to increase.