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Biphasic conversion of bread waste to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural: Process optimization and isolation.

Lars Silverwood1, Marie Mottoul1, Jeanne Lacombe1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Université Laval, Pavillon Adrien-Pouliot, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.

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Researchers developed a biphasic system to convert bread waste into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a sustainable chemical alternative. This method efficiently produces HMF from untreated bread, offering a promising route for waste valorization.

Keywords:
5-HydroxymethylfurfuralBiphasic systemBreadPre-treatmentsPurificationStarch

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Green Chemistry
  • Biomass Conversion

Background:

  • 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a key platform chemical with potential to replace petroleum-derived compounds.
  • Valorization of food waste, such as bread, presents an opportunity for sustainable chemical production.
  • Biphasic reaction systems offer advantages in product separation and reaction efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize a biphasic reaction system for synthesizing HMF from bread waste.
  • To screen and identify optimal solvents, catalysts, and reaction conditions.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of different bread pre-treatments for HMF production.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of organic extractive phases (e.g., dimethyl carbonate) and catalysts (e.g., SnCl4) using starch as a model.
  • Optimization of reaction parameters including temperature, time, and additives.
  • Testing of various bread pre-treatments (untreated, dried, ground) for HMF synthesis.
  • Purification of HMF using column chromatography.

Main Results:

  • Dimethyl carbonate was identified as the optimal extractive solvent.
  • SnCl4 demonstrated the highest catalytic activity for HMF synthesis from starch.
  • An optimized system yielded 43 mol% HMF from starch under specific conditions.
  • Untreated bread yielded the highest HMF concentration (45 mol%), with purified HMF isolated at 31 mol%.

Conclusions:

  • A biphasic reaction system is effective for converting bread waste into HMF.
  • Untreated bread is a suitable and efficient feedstock for HMF production.
  • This approach offers a sustainable pathway for valorizing food waste into valuable chemicals.