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Mechanistic insight into creatinine detection via tartrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles: A combined experimental
Martina Asti Rahayu1, Sonita Afrita Purba Siboro2, Lala Adetia Marlina3
1Chemical Analysis Study Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, Muaro Jambi 36361, Indonesia.
Abstract:
Creatinine is an essential biomarker for early kidney dysfunction, yet many existing assays are slow and instrument-dependent. Here, we present a rapid colorimetric method for creatinine quantification using tartrate-capped silver nanoparticles (Tr-AgNPs) and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Tr-AgNPs were synthesized via chemical reduction and confirmed by UV-Vis, FTIR, and TEM. Creatinine induced a decrease in the 394 nm SPR band and the appearance of a 648 nm peak, producing a visible yellow-to-grey color change within one minute. The extinction ratio (A648/A394) enabled sensitive quantification, showing good linearity (R2 = 0.997) and a 68.7 nM detection limit under optimized conditions. DFT results supported strong creatinine-tartrate interactions on the nanoparticle surface. This fast and low-cost Tr-AgNP assay is suitable for point-of-care detection of creatinine in urine.
