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Related Concept Videos

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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

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Enteral Feeding With Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Mitigates Liver Injury Following Massive Intestinal

Hannah M Phelps1, Daniel Alligood1, Alex Park1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.

Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|March 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Omega-3 fatty acids improve gut function and liver health after massive small bowel resection (SBR). Enteral omega-3 PUFAs enhance weight recovery and energy metabolism, offering protection against liver injury.

Keywords:
Intestinal AdaptationIntestinal Failure-Associated Liver DiseaseMassive Small Bowel ResectionPolyunsaturated Fatty AcidShort Bowel Syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Hepatology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Massive small bowel resection (SBR) can lead to intestinal failure-associated liver disease.
  • Enteral nutrition is crucial for managing patients with short bowel syndrome.
  • The specific impact of different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on post-SBR recovery requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of isocaloric enteral omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on intestinal function and liver injury following SBR.
  • To assess the role of Pparα in mediating these effects.

Main Methods:

  • Male C57BL/6J mice underwent SBR or sham operation.
  • Post-operative diets were enriched with ω-3 PUFAs, ω-6 PUFAs, or a balanced control diet.
  • Evaluations included body composition, metabolic profiles, intestinal adaptation, liver injury markers, lipidomics, and RNA sequencing of liver and intestine.

Main Results:

  • ω-3 PUFA feeding improved weight recovery and energy metabolism post-SBR.
  • Both ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs reduced liver injury markers (AST, ALT) compared to controls.
  • ω-3 PUFAs demonstrated the lowest hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, with upregulated lipid metabolism and enhanced intestinal adaptation genes.
  • Pparα was essential for survival but not sufficient for hepatoprotection, suggesting ω-3 PUFAs have Pparα-independent protective effects.

Conclusions:

  • Enteral ω-3 PUFA supplementation enhances intestinal adaptation and protects against liver injury following SBR.
  • ω-3 PUFAs improve weight recovery and energy expenditure in the context of massive enterectomy.
  • These findings support the use of ω-3 PUFAs in nutritional management after SBR.