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Breast Papillary Neoplasms.

Theodore Vougiouklakis¹, Edi Brogi¹

¹Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Surgical Pathology Clinics

|March 29, 2026

Summary

This review clarifies breast papillary neoplasms, a diverse group of lesions. Accurate classification uses diagnostic criteria and immunohistochemistry, aiding differential diagnosis.

Keywords:

Encapsulated papillary carcinoma Intraductal papilloma Myoepithelial cells Papillary neoplasms Solid papillary carcinoma

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Area of Science:

Pathology
Oncology
Breast Cancer Research

Background:

Breast papillary neoplasms represent a complex category of proliferative epithelial lesions.
Accurate classification is crucial for patient management but can be diagnostically challenging.
Existing diagnostic criteria and immunohistochemistry are key to categorizing these tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of breast papillary neoplasms based on the WHO 5th Edition classification.
To discuss preliminary insights into the upcoming 6th Edition of the WHO classification.
To highlight unresolved diagnostic issues and differential diagnoses.

Main Methods:

Review of established diagnostic criteria for breast papillary neoplasms.
Application of immunohistochemical markers in tumor classification.
Analysis of differential diagnoses with other breast and cutaneous neoplasms.

Main Results:

Breast papillary neoplasms are heterogeneous, requiring careful diagnostic evaluation.
The WHO classification provides a framework for categorization, with ongoing updates.
Distinguishing papillary neoplasms from other lesions is essential for accurate diagnosis.

Conclusions:

Accurate classification of breast papillary neoplasms relies on integrated diagnostic approaches.
Understanding classification changes and differential diagnoses is vital for pathologists and clinicians.
Further research may address remaining classification ambiguities.