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Exploring Transfer RNA Modifications during Rhizome Development in Oryza longistaminata.
Wenze Li1, Guangzhao Yang1, Haoyue Xue1
1Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Innovation of Perennial Rice From Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Centre of Innovation for Perennial Rice Technology in Yunnan, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
Physiologia Plantarum
|March 30, 2026
Summary
Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications regulate plant organ development. This study reveals specific tRNA modifications linked to rhizome elongation and environmental responses in Oryza longistaminata.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications are crucial regulatory mechanisms in non-plant organisms, impacting development and disease.
- Research into tRNA modifications in plants, particularly concerning organ development, remains largely unexplored.
- Rhizome development in plants exhibits plasticity, suggesting a role for regulatory mechanisms like tRNA modification in response to environmental cues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of tRNA modifications in plant organ development, using rhizome development in Oryza longistaminata as a model.
- To identify specific tRNA modifications associated with distinct stages of rhizome development (elongation and transition).
- To explore the potential link between tRNA modifications, hormonal signaling, and environmental factors influencing rhizome development.
Main Methods:
- Systematic profiling of modified nucleosides in Oryza longistaminata rhizomes using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
- Analysis of tRNA modification abundance in relation to rhizome elongation and response to environmental stimuli.
- Investigation of tRNA modifications in rhizomes treated with plant hormones to identify links to signaling pathways.
- Genome-wide analysis of genes involved in tRNA modification.
Main Results:
- Specific tRNA modifications (m²G, m²₂G, m¹G, m⁶t⁶A, ψ) correlated with rhizome elongation.
- Differential abundance of tRNA modifications (m¹A, m⁶A, m¹I, m⁵U, mnm⁵s²U) was observed in response to environmental factors affecting rhizome transition.
- TRNA modifications m²G, m¹G, m²₂G were linked to elongation-stage hormonal pathways, while m¹I and m⁵U were associated with transition-stage pathways.
- Identification of potential tRNA modifications regulating rhizome development and response to environmental cues.
Conclusions:
- tRNA modifications play a significant role in regulating rhizome development in Oryza longistaminata.
- Specific tRNA modifications are associated with distinct developmental stages and environmental responses during rhizome formation.
- This study provides a foundation for understanding the regulatory significance of tRNA modification in plant organogenesis and adaptation.
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