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Subjective memory impairment (SMI) is weakly linked to verbal memory and cognitive abilities. Health, especially mental health, strongly correlates with SMI, suggesting it complements, not replaces, objective memory tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Subjective memory impairment (SMI) is often used as a proxy for objective memory, but their relationship is not well understood.
  • SMI is also considered a potential risk factor for dementia.
  • Investigating SMI's links to objective memory and dementia risk factors is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between SMI and concurrent objective memory performance.
  • To explore the relationship between SMI and general cognitive abilities (GCA) from adolescence.
  • To determine if SMI and objective memory scores are linked to distinct or overlapping risk factors for dementia.

Main Methods:

  • Included 2690 participants aged 30-90 from the HUNT4 population study.
  • Assessed SMI using the Meta-Memory-Questionnaire.
  • Measured verbal memory, spatial memory, pattern separation, and adolescent GCA, employing statistical methods to address selection bias.

Main Results:

  • Higher SMI correlated with verbal memory and adolescent GCA, but not spatial or pattern separation memory.
  • SMI was associated with age, blood pressure, depression, sleep issues, fatigue, and chronic pain.
  • No association was found between SMI and APOE4 or lifestyle factors; diabetes was linked to verbal memory.

Conclusions:

  • SMI shows a weak association with verbal memory and adolescent GCA in the general population.
  • Health factors, particularly mental health, are strongly linked to SMI, unlike objective memory performance.
  • SMI serves as a valuable complement to, rather than a proxy for, objective memory assessments.